English as a Second Language Program
Our ESL curriculum...
We provide an ESL class environment that is conducive to learning and our classroom settings are equipped to allow students and instructors to take advantage of the appropriate technologies, including audio, and video.
Each student has particular needs, and we make sure that the curriculum is comprehensive enough to build a base and expand upon it while correcting or filling in the gaps in each student’s knowledge.
Through-out our program we interact with our students and we are always open for comments, questions and concerns. We like our students to participate in as much as possible with their own ideas of what to focus on and what to work out. With our teacher’s guidance we make sure that the students requests are incorporated into the curriculum within the framework of the study program.
Our students will learn how to master the English grammar as a second language (ESL) in less than one year or longer. It all depends of how much time our students put in their daily studies. In teaching this ESL program, we took in consideration the State and Federal English (ESL) educational curriculums and books already designed for this purpose to educate our new immigrant's community.
They will learn the ESL program same as Mathematics, just by understanding and practicing our ESL formulas. They will navigate from the simple present thru the perfect, and finally the progressive or continuous tense. The will not just learn in the classroom the English grammar theory, but also they will practice and demonstrate their ability to understand grammar and pronunciation skills by expressing their own ideas through or in dialogue with their classmates about their own personal life and work experiences. This really will move our students from the simplest formula to the most sophisticated English ESL grammar.
As bilingual professionals, we understand how difficult is to master a foreign language. Besides its grammar, the students will face another difficulty, the English pronunciation. But our trained bilingual teachers will prepare our students by following the phonetic English changes. We make emphasis in the voiced and unvoiced consonants, for example the "b" is voiced, the "p" is unvoiced - although both sounds are otherwise produced alike. The same will follow the vowels, and as a principle all vowels, when occurring in unstressed syllables, are reduced from their normal values to the level of the neutral vowel.
Finally, we invite our immigrant community members to register, and learn the English language with a method that is very inspirational and practical in our weekdays and weekends schedules. Also, we invited retired teachers, professionals, or business owners who wish to volunteer their time in order to teach English as a Second language.
ESL Basic and Intermediate course descriptions
The purpose of our courses is to provide opportunities to improve English speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Daily grammar structure will be presented in class with drills and exercises. Grammar also will be presented in context in readings introducing new vocabulary and sentences using this vocabulary. Readings are selected from different sources such as: “Problem Solving: Critical Thinking and Communication Skills”, newspaper articles and “Interchange” Students Book 2.
Reading activities will lead students into class discussions which help them to develop their listening and speaking skills through matching sentences, question and answer practice, and role play. Students will follow up these activities with writing practice --- short paragraphs, dialogues, fill-in-the-blank exercises and note taking --- to reinforce what they have learned.
Course Requirements:
All students must participate in class activities, complete homework assignments, and demonstrate an effort to improve. Attendance for all sessions is a MUST.
Grading Methodology
Course Materials & Suggested Readings:
Useful ESL links...
• http://www.wordreference.com/es/en/translation.asp?spen=
Info: Various/authors/edu
The simple present of the verb to be
1. Grammar
2. Verb forms
3. Uses of the simple present tense
4. The simple present of the verb to be
a. Affirmative statements
b. Questions
c. Negative statements
d. Negative questions
e. Tag questions
5. Exercises
The simple present of verbs other than the verb to be
1. The formation of the simple present
a. The simple present of the verb to hav
2. Spelling rules for adding s in the third person singular
a.Verbs ending in y
b. Verbs ending in o
c. Verbs ending in ch, s, sh, x or z
3. Pronunciation of the es ending
4. The auxiliary do
a. Questions
b. Negative statements
c. Negative questions
d. Tag questions
e. The verb to have
Exercises
The present continuous
1. Uses of the present continuous
2. Formation of the present continuous
3. Spelling rules for the formation of the present participle
a. Verbs ending in a silent e
b. Verbs ending in ie
c. One-syllable verbs ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel
d. Verbs of more than one syllable which end in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel
4. Questions and negative statements
a. Questions
b. Negative statements
c. Negative questions
d. Tag questions
5. Comparison of the uses of the simple present and present continuous
Exercises
The present perfect and the present perfect continuous
1. Use of the present perfect
2. Formation of the present perfect: Regular verbs
3. Spelling rules for adding ed to form the past participle
a. Verbs ending in a silent e
b. Verbs ending in y
c. Verbs ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel
4. Pronunciation of the ed ending
5. Formation of the present perfect: Irregular verbs
6. Questions and negative statements
a. Questions
b. Negative statements
c. Negative questions
d. Tag questions
7. The present perfect continuous
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
Exercises
The simple past
1. Uses of the simple past
2. Formation of the simple past
a. The verb to be
i. Questions and negative statements
b. Other verbs
i. Questions and negative statements
3. The simple past of to use followed by an infinitive
Exercises
The past continuous, the past perfect and the past perfect continuous
1. Summary of the uses of the English tenses
2. The past continuous
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
3. The past perfect
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
4. The past perfect continuous
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
5. Summary of the formation of the English present and past tenses
6. Emphatic statements
Exercises
The future tenses
1. The simple future
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
2. The conjugation expressing determination and compulsion
3. The present continuous of to go followed by an infinitive
4. The future continuous
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
5. The future perfect
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
6. The future perfect continuous
a. Use
b. Formation
c. Questions and negative statements
7. Summary of the formation of the English future tenses
8. Clauses
a. Coordinate clauses
b. Subordinate clauses
c. The past perfect and the simple past
d. The use of the present in subordinate clauses to express future actions
Exercises
Conjugations with the auxiliary would
1. Uses of the auxiliary would
2. Formation of conjugations with the auxiliary would
a. The simple conjugation with the auxiliary would
b. The continuous conjugation with the auxiliary would
c. The perfect conjugation with the auxiliary would
d. The perfect continuous conjugation with the auxiliary would
3. Summary of the formation of the conjugations with the auxiliary would
4. The "future in the past"
Exercises
The subjunctive
1. Uses of the subjunctive
2. Formation of the subjunctive
3. Formal commands and requests
4. Wishes
a. An earlier time
b. The same time
c. A later time
d. Summary
e. Use of the auxiliary could in expressing wishes
5. Conditions which are false or improbable
a. Forms of the verb used in the main clause
i. Referring to present or future time
ii. Referring to past time
iii. Summary
iv. Use of the auxiliary could in sentences containing false or improbable conditions
b. Forms of the verb used in the subordinate clause
i. Referring to present or future time
ii. Referring to past time
iii. Summary
c. Changing a statement containing a probable condition into a statement containing an improbable condition
6. The imperative mood
Exercises
Modal verbs
1. Formation of the modal conjugations
a. Questions
b. Negative statements
c. Negative questions
d. Tag questions
2. Relationships among the modal auxiliaries
3. Can and could
4. May, might and must
5. Should
6. Expressions Which are synonymous with the modal auxiliaries
a. The pronunciation of have to
7. The use of auxiliaries in tag questions, short answers and ellipsis
a. Negative tag questions
b. Affirmative tag questions
c. Short answers
d. Ellipsis
Exercises
Transitive and intransitive verbs
1. Direct objects
2. Lay and lie, raise and rise and set and sit
a. To lay and to lie
b. To raise and to rise
c. To set and to sit
3. Indirect objects
Exercises
The passive voice
1. Use of the passive voice
2. Formation of the indicative mood of the passive voice
a. The Simple Present indicative
b. The other indicative tenses
c. Summary of the formation of the indicative tenses of the passive voice
3. Questions and negative statements
a. Questions
b. Negative statements
c. Negative questions
4. Changing the voice of a verb
5. Changing the voice of a verb while preserving the meaning of a sentence
a. Changing the verb from the active voice to the passive voice
b. Changing the verb from the passive voice to the active voice
c. Changing the voice of a verb which takes both a direct object and an indirect object
6. The subjunctive mood of the passive voice
a. Use of the simple present subjunctive
b. Use of the past forms of the subjunctive
Exercises
Nouns: The formation of plurals
1. Proper nouns
2. Countable nouns
3. The formation of plurals
a. Nouns ending in ch, s, sh, x or z
b. Nouns ending in y
c. Plurals of proper nouns
d. Nouns ending in f or fe
e. Nouns ending in o
f. Foreign words
g. Hyphenated nouns
h. Numbers and letters
i. Irregular plurals
Exercises
Singular countable nouns
1. The use of determiners with singular countable nouns
2. A and an
3. The use of a and an before singular countable nouns
a. A weakened form of one
b. Naming a profession
c. Making a general statement
d. Referring to something not mentioned before
e. A or an with the meaning of per
4. The use of the before singular countable nouns
a. Referring to something mentioned before
b. Referring to something unique
c. Referring to something when it is considered obvious what is meant
d. Referring to something as a class
Exercises
Plural countable nouns
1. The absence of a determiner before plural countable nouns
a. Making a general statement
b. Referring to something not mentioned before
c. Naming a profession
2. The Use of The Before plural countable nouns
a. Referring to something mentioned before
b. Referring to something when it is considered obvious what is meant
c. Names of nationalities
d. Adjectives referring to classes of people
3. The use of the with proper nouns
a. Names of people
b. Names of places
4. Nouns used only in the plural
Exercises
Uncountable nouns
1. The absence of a determiner before uncountable nouns
a. Making a general statemen
b. Referring to something not mentioned before
2. The use of the before uncountable nouns
a. Referring to something mentioned before
b. Referring to something when it is considered obvious what is meant
3. The use of uncountable nouns to refer to individual things
4. Nouns which can be either countable or uncountable
a. Differences in meaning
b. Referring to a type of something
c. Referring to places used for specific activities
d. Names of meals
5. Infinitives used in the place of nouns
6. Gerunds
7. Specific verbs followed by infinitives and gerunds
a. Verbs followed by infinitives
b. Verbs followed by either infinitives or gerunds
c. Verbs followed by gerunds
Exercises
Nouns indicating possession and compound subjects
1. Ways in which possession is indicated
a. The ending s
b. The ending s'
c. Phrases beginning with of
d. Two consecutive nouns
2. Agreement of verbs with collective nouns and compound subjects
a. Collective nouns
b. Amounts considered as a whole
c. Compound subjects
i. Compound subjects with and
ii. Compound subjects with or or nor
d. Nouns followed by descriptive phrases
Exercises
Personal pronouns
1. The subjective case
2. Agreement of personal pronouns with their antecedents
a. Male and female antecedents
b. Singular and plural antecedents
c. Human and non-human antecedents
3. Special uses of it
4. The objective case
5. Possessive personal pronouns
a. Possessive adjectives
i. Possessive adjectives used with gerunds
b. Possessive pronouns
6. Reflexive pronouns
Exercises
Other pronouns
1. Indefinite pronouns
a. The use of one in general statements
2. Reciprocal pronouns
3. Demonstrative pronouns
4. Interrogative pronouns
a. Direct questions
b. The pronoun who
i. Who
ii. Whom
iii. Whose
c. What and which
d. Indirect questions
i. Interrogative word as the subject
ii. Interrogative word as the object of a verb or preposition
iii. The verb to be with a noun or pronoun complement
5. Relative pronouns
a. Defining and non-defining relative clauses
i. Non-defining relative clauses
ii. Defining relative clauses
b. That
c. Which
d. Who, whom and whose
e. Comparison of the use of that, which and who
f. Other relative pronouns
Exercises
Determiners
1. Determiners used to refer to groups of two persons or things
2. Determiners used as singular or plural pronouns
3. The use of all, both and each
4. The use of no, none and not
5. The use of some and any
6. The use of another, other, others and else
7. The use of only
8. The use of few, little and several
9. The expressions such ... that, so ... that and too
a. Such ... that
b. So ... that
c. Too
Exercises
Adjectives: Position in a sentence
1. Proper adjectives
2. Attributive adjectives
a. Order of attributive adjectives
i. Determiners
ii. General descriptive adjectives
iii. Adjectives indicating color
iv. Adjectives indicating materials
v. The position of proper adjectives
vi. Defining adjectives
vii. Ordinal adjectives
b. Punctuation used with attributive adjectives
c. Stress used with attributive adjectives
i. Adjectives indicating materials
ii. Defining adjectives indicating location or time
iii. Defining adjectives indicating purpose
3. Predicate adjectives
a. Attributive adjectives which can be used as predicate adjectives
i. Order
ii. Punctuation
b. Adjectives which can be used only as predicate adjectives
c. Linking verbs
4. Interpolated adjectives
5. Adjectival phrases and clauses
6. Participles used as adjectives
a. Present participles
b. Past participles
c. Dangling participles
d. Past participles which follow the verb to be
Exercises
Adjectives used in comparisons: Part I
1. Positive forms of adjectives preceded and followed by as
a. The positive form combined with a noun
b. The use of ellipsis
c. The use of the subjective case
2. Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives which use endings
a. Comparative forms of adjectives which use endings
i. Spelling rules
ii. Irregular adjectives
iii. The comparative form followed by than
iv. The comparative form followed by a noun, followed by than
v. The use of ellipsis
vi. The use of the subjective case
vii. Progressive comparisons
b. Superlative forms of adjectives which use endings
i. Spelling rules
ii. Irregular adjectives
iii. The superlative form preceded by the
iv. The use of ellipsis
v. The comparison of one or more things with a group
Exercises
Adjectives used in comparisons: Part 2
1. Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives which do not use endings
a. Comparative forms: The use of more
i. The comparative form followed by than
ii. Progressive comparisons
b. The use of less
i. The construction less ... than
ii. The construction not as ... as
iii. The construction less and less
c. Superlative forms
2. The adjectives many, much, few and little used to compare quantities
a. The use of many, much, few and little with countable and uncountable nouns
b. Synonyms for many and much
c. Positive forms used in comparisons
d. Comparative forms used in comparisons
e. Superlative forms used in comparisons
3. The adjectives similar, different and same used in comparisons
4. Making logical comparisons
Exercises
Adverbs: Position in a sentence
1. Adverbs which modify adjectives and other adverbs
a. Intensifiers
2. Adverbs which modify verbs
a. Adverbs of frequency
b. Adverbs of time
. Adverbs of manner
d. Connecting adverbs
e. Adverb phrases and clauses of purpose
f. Adverbs of location
i. Here and there
ii. There used as an introductory word
iii. Inverted word order
g. Negative adverbs
i. Double negatives
ii. Inverted word order
3. Interrogative adverbs
Exercises
Adverbs of manner and adverbs used in comparisons
1. Adverbs of manner
a. Spelling rules for adding ly
i. Adjectives ending in ic
ii. Adjectives ending in le
iii. Adjectives ending in ll
iv. Adjectives ending in ue
v. Adjectives ending in y
b. Adverbs which do not use the ending ly
c. The differing functions of adjectives and adverbs
i. Adjectives which modify nouns compared with adverbs which modify verbs
ii. Adjectives which modify nouns compared with adverbs which modify adjectives
iii. Predicate adjectives which modify the subjects of verbs compared with adverbs which modify verbs
2. Adverbs used in comparisons
a. The formation of comparative and superlative forms of adverbs
i. Adverbs used with more and most
ii. Adverbs used with the endings er and est
iii. Irregular adverbs
b. Positive forms of adverbs used in comparisons
i. The construction with as ... as
ii. Ellipsis
c. Comparative forms of adverbs used in comparisons
i. The construction with than
ii. Progressive comparisons
iii. The construction with less and less
iv. The construction with the ..., the ...
d. Superlative forms of adverbs used in comparisons
i. The construction with the
ii. The construction with the least
Exercises
Prepositions
1. The meanings of prepositions
2. Idioms beginning with prepositions
3. Nouns followed by prepositions
4. Adjectives and verbs in the passive voice followed by prepositions
5. Verbs followed by prepositions
Exercises
Phrasal verbs
1. Phrasal verbs consisting of a verb followed by a preposition
a. The position of the object of the preposition
b. The position of an adverb of manner modifying the verb
c. Stress in spoken English
d. Expressions in which the verb has an object
2. Phrasal verbs consisting of a verb followed by an adverb
a. The position of the object of the verb
b. The position of an adverb of manner modifying the verb
c. Stress in spoken English
d. Ergative verbs
3. Distinguishing between verbs followed by prepositions and verbs followed by adverbs
a. Adverb phrases of location compared with phrasal verbs followed by objects
b. Words used as prepositions or adverbs
4. Phrasal verbs consisting of a verb followed by a word which can function either as an adverb or as a preposition
a. Expressions in which the verb has an object
5. Phrasal verbs consisting of a verb followed by an adverb followed by a preposition
a. Expressions in which the verb has an object
Exercises
Conjunctions
1. Coordinate conjunctions
2. Correlative conjunctions
3. Subordinate conjunctions
4. Connecting adverbs
a. Stress and punctuation
b. Connecting adverbs used to connect sentences
c. Position in a clause
d. Examples of connecting adverbs
5. Parallel construction
Exercises
Info: Various/authors/edu.
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